Risk governance in organizations

Dieses Buch dokumentiert 10 Jahre Risk-Governance-Forschung an der Universität Siegen. In 50 Beiträgen reflektieren Forscher und Praktiker Risk Governance vor dem Hintergrund ihrer eigenen Forschungen und/oder Erfahrungen und geben jeweils einen Entwicklungsimpuls für die Zukunft der Risk Governance. Das Buch zeigt die große Bandbreite und Tiefe des Forschungsgebietes auf und diskutiert Grundannahmen, Implementierungsfragen, die Rolle der Risk Governance als Transformationsmotor, ihre Wirkung in den verschiedenen betrieblichen Funktionen, Entwicklungsperspektiven und den Beitrag der Risk Governance zu einer nachhaltigen Ausrichtung von Unternehmen.This book documents 10 years of risk governance research at the University of Siegen. In 50 contributions, researchers and practitioners reflect on risk governance against the background of their own research and/or experience and provide a development impetus for the future of risk governance. The book shows the wide range and depth of the research field and discusses basic assumptions, implementation issues, the role of risk governance as transformation engine, its impact in the various operational functions, development perspectives, and the contribution of risk governance to a sustainable orientation of companies

Integrating community health assistant- driven sexual and reproductive health services in the community health system in Nyimba district in Zambia: Mapping key actors, points of integration, and conditions shaping the process

Introduction: Although large scale public sector community health worker programs have been key in providing sexual and reproductive health (SRH) services in low- and middle-income countries, their integration process into community health systems is not well understood. This study aimed to identify the conditions and strategies through which Community Health Assistants (CHAs) gained entry and acceptability into community health systems to provide SRH services to youth in Zambia. The country’s CHA program was launched in 2010. Methodology: A phenomenological design was conducted in Nyimba district. All nine CHAs deployed in Nyimba district were interviewed in-depth on their experiences of navigating the introduction of SRH services for youth in community settings, and the data obtained analyzed thematically. Results: In delivering SRH services targeting youth, CHAs worked with a range of community actors, including other health workers, safe motherhood action groups, community health workers, neighborhood health committees, teachers, as well as political, traditional and religious leaders. CHAs delivered SRH education and services in health facilities, schools, police stations, home settings, and community spaces. They used their health facility service delivery role to gain trust and entry into the community, and they also worked to build relationships with other community level actors by holding regular joint meetings, and acting as brokers between the volunteer health workers and the Ministry of Health. CHAs used their existing social networks to deliver SRH services to adolescents. By embedding the provision of information about SRH into general life skills at community level, the topic’s sensitivity was reduced and its acceptability was enhanced. Further, support from community leaders towards CHA-driven services promoted the legitimacy of providing SRH for youth. Factors limiting the acceptability of CHA services included the taboo of discussing sexuality issues, a gender discriminatory environment, competition with other providers, and challenges in conducting household visits

The effectiveness of individual mentoring in teams: an empirical analysis

Die Dissertation untersucht die Frage, wie sich Mentoring, das individuell zwischen Mentor und Mentee stattfindet, im Weiteren auf das diese Mentoring-Beziehung umgebende Team sowie dessen Effektivität auswirken kann. Speziell diese Auswirkungen werden in der Literatur, die sich vornehmlich auf die eigentliche Mentoring-Beziehung fokussiert, nur begrenzt betrachtet. Um die bestehende Forschungslücke zu schließen, setzt die Untersuchung an sozial- und strukturationstheoretischen Grundlagen an. Insbesondere ermöglicht die Anwendung des „Badewannenmodells“ nach Coleman die präzise Unterscheidung von Individualebene und Teamebene sowie demzufolge die ebenenspezifische Zuordnung von Ursachen und Wirkungen des Mentoring. Die Forschungshypothesen werden mithilfe eines empirischen Analysedesigns untersucht. Kern der Argumentation ist die ursprüngliche Vermutung, dass durch die Einbettung von individuellem Mentoring in Teams nicht nur Mentor und Mentee von der individuellen Mentoring-Beziehung profitieren, sondern dass diese auch auf das Team ausstrahlt, und zwar möglicherweise sowohl als funktionaler als auch als dysfunktionaler Effekt. Die Ergebnisse der Dissertation zeigen jedoch, dass zwischen der individuellen Mentoring-Beziehung und dem Team ein Nutzentransfer nicht bewusst organisiert wird. Der Lernerfolg, welcher durch die individuelle Mentoring-Beziehung für den Mentor und den Mentee generiert wird, bleibt nur diesen beteiligten Personen vorbehalten. Umgekehrt teilen die Teammitglieder ihr Wissen nicht mit dem Mentor und dem Mentee, und sie scheinen sich auch nicht sonderlich für einen Wissenstransfer zu interessieren. Insgesamt zeigt sich in den empirischen Befunden, dass faktisch eine unsichtbare Barriere zwischen der individuellen Mentoring-Beziehung und dem diese umgebenden Team existiert. Hierdurch entgeht dem Unternehmen im Allgemeinen und dem betroffenen Team im Speziellen der Nutzen eines Lern- und Entwicklungspotenzials, das in Zeiten personell vernetzter Arbeitsumgebungen ohne viel Zusatzaufwand erschlossen werden könnte.The dissertation examines the question of how mentoring, which takes place individually between mentor and mentee, can further affect the team surrounding this mentoring relationship and its effectiveness. Especially these effects are only considered to a limited extent in the literature, which focuses primarily on the actual mentoring relationship. In order to close the existing research gap, the study starts with social and structural theory. In particular, the application of the “boat model” according to Coleman enables the precise differentiation between the individual level and the team level and consequently the level-specific assignment of causes and effects of mentoring. The research hypotheses are examined by means of an empirical analysis design. The core of the argumentation is the original assumption that by embedding individual mentoring in teams, not only mentor and mentee benefit from the individual mentoring relationship, but that it also radiates to the team, possibly both as a functional and dysfunctional effect. However, the results of the dissertation show that a benefit transfer between the individual mentoring relationship and the team is not consciously organized. The learning success generated by the individual mentoring relationship for the mentor and mentee is reserved only for these persons involved. Conversely, the team members do not share their knowledge with the mentor and mentee, and they do not seem particularly interested in knowledge transfer. Overall, the empirical findings show that there is in fact an invisible barrier between the individual mentoring relationship and the team surrounding it. As a result, the company in general and the team concerned in particular misses out on the benefits of a learning and development potential that could be tapped without a great deal of additional effort in times of personnel-networked working environments

Burden of informal caregivers of people without natural speech: a mixed-methods intervention study

Background: People with disabilities and without natural speech often rely on care provided by informal caregivers. The caregiving situation of these informal caregivers has been poorly researched. The objectives of the study are 1) to identify stressors, resources, and coping strategies among informal caregivers of people without natural speech and 2) to examine whether a complex intervention in augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) that is not primarily tailored to the needs of informal caregivers can reduce care-related burden. Methods: The main components of the AAC intervention were (1) initial counselling session, (2) 4 AAC training sessions, (3) 20 AAC therapy sessions and (4) accompanying case management. The control group received only the initial counselling session. Within a quasi-experimental intervention study, survey data on self-perceived burden (Burden Scale for Family Caregivers, BSFC-s) from n = 154 informal caregivers of people without natural speech were collected at three time points between June 2018 and April 2021 from a postal survey. Qualitative interviews with n = 16 informal caregivers were conducted. Results: Caregivers reported various stressors such as limited communication with the cared-for person and concerns about the living situation in adulthood. Diverse resources and effective coping strategies, which the caregivers refer to when dealing with stressors, could also be identified. Burden was significantly reduced in the intervention group compared to the control group. According to the results of the qualitative study, AAC use led to better communication skills and a reduction in behavioural problems and thus a decreased burden. Conclusions: The AAC intervention seems to have a positive impact on self-perceived burden. Linkages between intervention components and burden reduction as well as stressors and coping strategies could be identified and provide an evidence-based foundation for developing future holistic interventions for families with individuals without natural speech

Improving the healthcare response to domestic violence and abuse in primary care: protocol for a mixed method evaluation of the implementation of a complex intervention.

BACKGROUND: Domestic violence and abuse remains a major health concern. It is unknown whether the improved healthcare response to domestic violence and abuse demonstrated in a cluster randomised controlled trial of IRIS (Identification and Referral to Improve Safety), a complex intervention, including general practice based training, support and referral programme, can be achieved outside a trial setting. AIM: To evaluate the impact over four years of a system wide implementation of IRIS, sequentially into multiple areas, outside the setting of a trial. METHODS: An interrupted time series analysis of referrals received by domestic violence and abuse workers from 201 general practices, in five northeast London boroughs; alongside a mixed methods process evaluation and qualitative analysis. Segmented regression interrupted time series analysis to estimate impact of the IRIS intervention over a 53-month period. A secondary analysis compares the segmented regression analysis in each of the four implementation boroughs, with a fifth comparator borough. DISCUSSION: This is the first interrupted time series analysis of an intervention to improve the health care response to domestic violence. The findings will characterise the impact of IRIS implementation outside a trial setting and its suitability for national implementation in the United Kingdom.National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Collaboration for Leadership in Applied Health Research and Care North Thames at Bart’s Health NHS Trust (NIHR CLAHRC North Thames)